An Introduction of B2B, B2C, B2B2C, C2B, C2O, O2O, EC, B2E, C-commerce 商務
Business-to-Business (B2B)
-E-Commerce model in which all of the participants are business or other organizations.
-Example: www.alibaba.com
Business-to-Consumer (B2C)
-E-Commerce model in which business sell to individual shoppers.
-E-Tailing: Online retailing, usually B2C
-Example: store.apple.com
Business-to-Business-to-Consumer (B2B2C)
-E-commerce model in which a business provides some product or service to a client business that maintains its own customers.
-Example: www.booking.com
Consumer-to-Business (C2B)
-E-commerce model in which individuals use the Internet to sell products or services to organizations or individuals who seek sellers to bid on products or services they need.
Example: www.istockphoto.com
Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
-E-commerce model in which consumers sell directly to other consumers
-Example: www.ebay.com
Online to Offline (O2O)
-Utilizes web-based markets and tools to attract the digital shopper to participate in in-person retail consumption.
-Reference: 日本麥當勞 / O2O 賣菜
Intra-business (EC)
-E-commerce category that includes all internal organizational activities that involves the exchange of goods, services, or information among various units and individual in an organization.
Business-to-Employees (B2E)
-E-commerce model in which an organization delivers services, information, or products to its individual employees .
Collaborative Commerce (C-Commerce)
-E-commerce model in which individuals, group communicate or collaborate online.
